Japan

Nvidia’s Japan push centers on a sovereign AI program (Noetra) built with massive public-private funding, a national AI infrastructure data center, and heavy industrial participation, signaling a shift toward domestically controlled physical-AI capabilities backed by Nvidia hardware.

U.S. rare-earth producers with heavy government backing are exporting to Asia as domestic demand lags, highlighting policy support and ongoing China risk in the global supply chain.

Verity Harding argues the AI arms race framing hampers safety and equitable deployment, advocating international cooperation and a coalition of middle powers to counter nationalist tendencies and regulatory overreach.